Menopause: Expert Insights on Preventive Health with Dr. Mitzi Krockover
Menopause is a significant phase in a woman's life, marked by various physiological changes. Understanding these changes and adopting preventive health measures can help women navigate this period with confidence. Dr. Mitzy Krockover, a board-certified internist and a leading expert in women's health, shares valuable insights on menopause and preventive health.
Hormonal Changes and Their Impact
As women age, hormonal changes, particularly the reduction in estrogen, play a significant role in their health. These changes can lead to symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood swings. Additionally, hormonal shifts affect bone density and muscle mass, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and other health issues.
Preventive Measures for Bone and Muscle Health
To mitigate the effects of bone density loss and muscle mass reduction, regular exercise and a proper diet are crucial. Weight-bearing exercises and strength training can help maintain bone density and muscle mass. It's essential to "bank" bone mass early in life to reduce the impact of bone loss later.
Chronic Disease Prevention
Preventive health measures can significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases. For instance, a high-fiber diet can lower the risk of colon and breast cancer. Regular screenings and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are key to preventing chronic conditions.
"If you feel a lump, I don't care if you're 25, 35, or 75, get that checked out."
Key Screenings for Women
Cardiovascular Health: Regular blood pressure checks, blood glucose tests, and cholesterol screenings are vital. High blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity are significant risk factors for heart disease, the leading cause of death among women.
Breast Cancer: Early detection through mammograms is crucial. Women with dense breasts should follow up with additional tests like ultrasounds or MRIs.
Bone Density: A DEXA scan can help detect osteoporosis early, allowing for timely intervention.
Colon Cancer: Screening recommendations have been updated to start at age 45. Tests like colonoscopies or DNA tests (e.g., Cologuard) are essential for early detection.
Lung Cancer: For smokers or those with a history of smoking, annual low-dose CT scans are recommended.
"The more bone you have when you start decreasing, it's like a retirement fund."
Immunizations
Immunizations play a critical role in preventive health, especially as the immune system weakens with age. Key vaccines include:
Flu Vaccine: Annual flu shots are recommended for everyone, with a higher dose for those over 65.
COVID-19 Vaccine: Protects against severe illness and long-term effects.
Shingles Vaccine: Recommended at age 50 to prevent the painful shingles disease.
Pneumonia Vaccine: Recommended at age 65 to protect against pneumonia.
TDAP Vaccine: Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine every 10 years.
Brain Health
Maintaining brain health is crucial, especially with the increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in women. A Mediterranean diet, regular exercise, and possibly hormone therapy during perimenopause may offer protective benefits. Genetic testing can also help assess the risk of Alzheimer's and other conditions.
Sexual Health and Contraception
Sexual health remains important during midlife. Women should discuss any sexual health concerns with their doctors and consider using contraception if they are sexually active and do not wish to become pregnant. Protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is also essential.
"Your best advocate is yourself."
Final Thoughts
Preventive health measures, including regular screenings, a healthy diet, exercise, and immunizations, are vital for women navigating menopause. By taking proactive steps, women can significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases and maintain overall health and well-being.
