Skin Changes During Menopause: Insights from Dr Ellen Marmur

Menopause brings about significant changes in a woman's body, and the skin is no exception. As women transition through perimenopause and menopause, understanding the physiological changes in the skin can help in managing and maintaining skin health effectively.

The Anatomy of Aging Skin

The skin, a complex organ, undergoes various changes as we age. These changes are influenced by both internal factors, such as hormonal fluctuations, and external factors, like environmental exposure. The skin's structure includes the epidermis, which is the outermost layer, and the dermis beneath it, rich in collagen and fat. As we age, the collagen layer thins, and the fat layer diminishes, leading to less radiant skin and slower healing. As noted, "the skin is actually very complex, and something to be deeply respected."

Hormonal Influence on Skin

Hormones like estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone play a crucial role in skin health. Estrogen, while not directly involved in collagen production, affects skin hydration and elasticity. The decline in estrogen levels during menopause can lead to drier skin and increased sensitivity. Testosterone can contribute to late-onset acne and hair thinning. "Your skin is responding internally to estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, cortisone," which all play a role in the skin's barrier function.

Building and Maintaining Collagen

Collagen is vital for skin structure and resilience. While ingesting collagen supplements does not directly increase facial collagen, certain dermatological procedures can stimulate collagen production. Techniques like laser treatments and microneedling create controlled skin wounds that trigger collagen synthesis. Additionally, LED light therapy, particularly green light, has been shown to enhance collagen pathways and reduce inflammation. "The only way to really build collagen under the skin... would be through laser."

Effective Skincare Ingredients

For those seeking to maintain skin health without invasive procedures, certain topical ingredients can be beneficial. Hyaluronic acid and glycerine are excellent moisturizers that help maintain skin hydration. Sunscreen is essential for protecting the skin from UV damage, which can exacerbate aging signs. Antioxidants and anti-inflammatory ingredients also play a role in protecting and repairing the skin. "Hyaluronic acid is one of the best ingredients to look for."

The Role of LED Light Therapy

LED light therapy is gaining recognition for its ability to improve skin health. Different wavelengths of light, such as green and red, have specific effects on the skin. Green light can enhance collagen production and reduce inflammation, while red light is known for its calming effects and ability to support skin repair. "LED light can go into your skin... and create activity to make more ATP."  (Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), is present in all cells, not just within the skin. ATP is the “energy currency” of the cell. (ATP is made in the mitochondria, also known as the “powerhouse" of the cell.)

Simplifying Skincare Routines

A simplified skincare routine focusing on protection and hydration is recommended. Using products that combine multiple beneficial ingredients can reduce the need for numerous separate products, minimizing waste and confusion. Avoiding unnecessary products like toners and focusing on gentle cleansing can help maintain the skin's natural barrier. "Focus on protection of your skin, so moisturizing and sun protection, and you'll see an improvement."

Understanding the changes in skin during menopause and adopting a targeted skincare approach can help manage these changes effectively. By focusing on hydration, protection, and scientifically-backed treatments, women can maintain healthy, resilient skin throughout menopause and beyond.